Exam 4 1999

113 - ___ = ____/104 = 80.4

Biology of Plants
Spring 1999
Exam IV
Name______________________________

Biology of Plants Spring 1999	Exam IV	Name______________________________

1. Name two products facilitating root penetration: 1. mucilage
2. slough cells
Name specifically the tissue occurring at the pointer. columella (root cap OK)
What developmental response has its perception here? gravitropism

2. Name the organ sectioned to make this slide. root
What is the red tissue? xylem
What is the xylem/phloem arrangement? radial
What is the xylem maturation? exarch
The stele is not triarch; what is it? pentarch
What is the specific kind of stele shown here? protostele
What are the cell inclusions pointed out? amyloplasts, starch grain

3. What is the name of the red layer? endodermis
What is the critical function of the red layer? selective mineral uptake
What is the name of the purplish layer just inside the red layer? pericycle
What is the most likely function of this layer? lateral root formation

4. What organ was sectioned to make this slide? stem
Name the red layer. epidermis (cuticle OK)
Name the purple layer. cork
Name the greenish stacked cells. cork cambial zone

5. Name the organ sectioned. stem
To what class of plants does the species belong? dicot
What is the kind of stele? eustele

6. Name the dark zone pointed out at the end. apical dome, shoot apex
Name the two dark zones near the bottom of the view. lateral/axillary bud
Name the two structures pointing up. leaf primordia (leaf OK)

7. What organ is sectioned here? leaf
Name the first tissue layer pointed out. palisade mesophyll
Name the second tissue layer pointed out. spongy mesophyll

8. Which is the upper epidermis? at bottom of view/with stoma
What is your evidence for that decision? xylem closer to this one
Name the cells with the red walls pointed out. guard cells
What is the opening called? stoma

9. What are the two major functions of these hairs? 1. hold insect
2. digest insect
What is this plant achieving through the use of these hairs? obtaining minerals

10. What is the name for each of the large yellow structures? petal
What is the collective name for all of the large yellow structures? corolla
What is the name for each of the numerous yellow structures? stamens
What is the collective name for the numerous yellow structures? androecium
What is the name for each of the numerous greenish structures? carpels
What is the collective name for the numerous greenish structures? gynoecium

11. What is the technical name for the structure with the dark tip? microsporophyll
What is the technical name for the dark tip? microsporangium
Name of the first critical process occurring inside the dark tip? meiosis
Name the product of that process occurring inside the dark tip? microspore
Name the second critical process occurring inside the dark tip? mitosis
Name the product of that second process? pollen grain
endosporic microgametophyte
Give the complete flower formula for this flower (6 points): * 5, 5, 10, 5
Name the yellow-green structure in the center. carpel or pistil
Does this yellow-green structure appear to be simple or compound? simple
Assuming no fusion, will the fruit(s) be simple, aggregate, or multiple? aggregate

12. What is the common name for this whole structure? pollen grain
What is the technical name for this whole structure? endosporic microgametophyte
What is the name for the large cell? tube cell
What is the function for the large cell? digest path to egg
What is the name for the small cell? generative cell
What is the function for the small cell? divide mitotically to make 2 sperm
What is the technical name for the red layer (be specific!)? microspore wall

13. What is the common name for the whole structure being outlined? embryo sac
What is the technical name for this whole structure? megagametophyte
What is the name for the two dark cells? synergids
What is the function for the two dark cells? burst pollen tube/sperm release
What is the name for the large cell? central cell
After syngamy what is the function for the large cell? nutrients for embryo
What is the name for the small cell? egg
After syngamy what is the small cell called? zygote
After syngamy and a mitosis what is larger product of the small cell? suspensor
After syngamy and a mitosis what is the smaller product of the small cell? embryo

14. What is the large cell and extending chain of cells? suspensor
What is the ploidy of this chain of cells? 2N
What is the tissue at the opposite end? endosperm
What is the ploidy of this tissue? 3N
What is the torpedo-shaped object? embryo
What is the ploidy level of this object? 2N
What is the tail-like object? funiculus
What is the tail-like objects' ploidy level? 2N

15. What are the two upward-pointing lobes? cotyledons
To what class of flowering plants does this specimen belong? dicot
What is the downward-pointing lobe? root apex, axis, hypocotyl
What is the skin-like layer? protoderm
What is the central stripe of tissue? provascular, procambium
What is the filler-tissue between the central stripe and the skin? ground meristem

16. Name two kinds of attraction cue shown in this flower? 1. bullseye
2. nectar guides
What kind of reward does this flower provide? nectar
What is the evidence for your decision? nectar spur

17. How does this flower reward its pollinator? behavioral with fragrance
Classify this flower as either primitive or advanced: advanced
To what class of flowering plants does this plant belong? monocot

18. This first slide shows a flower...is it perfect or imperfect? imperfect
What is the ovary position? inferior

18a. This is a cross section of the fruit from the flower in #18.
Is the area being outlined a true fruit or an accessory fruit? accessory
What is the glowing tissue? placenta
Is this fruit from a simple or compound pistil? compound
Considering it is fleshy and contains many seeds, what kind of fruit is this? berry, pepo

No more slides! You are provided with a flower to observe and dissect:
Provide the complete flower formula for this flower (7 points): * 4, 4, 4+2, 2
Name the family to which this flower belongs? Brassicaceae
Name two different features that make this flower primitive? 1. bisexual, perfect, monoecious
2. radial symmetry, superior ovary
Name two different features that make this flower advanced? 1. whorled
2. fusion of carpels
Name the specific kind of fruit that this flower will produce? silique

I was pretty tough on your answers to the dissection--they had to be quite correct--because this is essentially a very large Arabidopsis flower! This part of the test should have been a "giveaway."

1.	Name two products facilitating root penetration:	1. mucilage
2. slough cells
Name specifically the tissue occurring at the pointer.	columella (root cap OK)
What developmental response has its perception here?	gravitropism
2.	Name the organ sectioned to make this slide.	root
What is the red tissue?	xylem
What is the xylem/phloem arrangement?	radial
What is the xylem maturation?	exarch
The stele is not triarch; what is it?	pentarch
What is the specific kind of stele shown here?	protostele
What are the cell inclusions pointed out?	amyloplasts, starch grain
3.	What is the name of the red layer?	endodermis
What is the critical function of the red layer?	selective mineral uptake
What is the name of the purplish layer just inside the red layer?	pericycle
What is the most likely function of this layer?	lateral root formation
4.	What organ was sectioned to make this slide?	stem
Name the red layer.	epidermis (cuticle OK)
Name the purple layer.	cork
Name the greenish stacked cells.	cork cambial zone
5.	Name the organ sectioned.	stem
To what class of plants does the species belong?	dicot
What is the kind of stele?	eustele
6.	Name the dark zone pointed out at the end.	apical dome, shoot apex
Name the two dark zones near the bottom of the view.	lateral/axillary bud
Name the two structures pointing up.	leaf primordia (leaf OK)
7.	What organ is sectioned here?	leaf
Name the first tissue layer pointed out.	palisade mesophyll
Name the second tissue layer pointed out.	spongy mesophyll
8.	Which is the upper epidermis?	at bottom of view/with stoma
What is your evidence for that decision?	xylem closer to this one
Name the cells with the red walls pointed out.	guard cells
What is the opening called?	stoma
9.	What are the two major functions of these hairs?	1. hold insect
2. digest insect
What is this plant achieving through the use of these hairs?	obtaining minerals
10.	What is the name for each of the large yellow structures?	petal
What is the collective name for all of the large yellow structures?	corolla
What is the name for each of the numerous yellow structures?	stamens
What is the collective name for the numerous yellow structures?	androecium
What is the name for each of the numerous greenish structures?	carpels
What is the collective name for the numerous greenish structures?	gynoecium
11.	What is the technical name for the structure with the dark tip?	microsporophyll
What is the technical name for the dark tip?	microsporangium
Name of the first critical process occurring inside the dark tip?	meiosis
Name the product of that process occurring inside the dark tip?	microspore
Name the second critical process occurring inside the dark tip?	mitosis
Name the product of that second process?	pollen grain endosporic microgametophyte
Give the complete flower formula for this flower (6 points):	* 5, 5, 10, 5
Name the yellow-green structure in the center.	carpel or pistil
Does this yellow-green structure appear to be simple or compound?	simple
Assuming no fusion, will the fruit(s) be simple, aggregate, or multiple?	aggregate
12.	What is the common name for this whole structure?	pollen grain
What is the technical name for this whole structure?	endosporic microgametophyte
What is the name for the large cell?	tube cell
What is the function for the large cell?	digest path to egg
What is the name for the small cell?	generative cell
What is the function for the small cell?	divide mitotically to make 2 sperm
What is the technical name for the red layer (be specific!)?	microspore wall
13.	What is the common name for the whole structure being outlined?	embryo sac
What is the technical name for this whole structure?	megagametophyte
What is the name for the two dark cells?	synergids
What is the function for the two dark cells?	burst pollen tube/sperm release
What is the name for the large cell?	central cell
After syngamy what is the function for the large cell?	nutrients for embryo
What is the name for the small cell?	egg
After syngamy what is the small cell called?	zygote
After syngamy and a mitosis what is larger product of the small cell?	suspensor
After syngamy and a mitosis what is the smaller product of the small cell?	embryo
14.	What is the large cell and extending chain of cells?	suspensor
What is the ploidy of this chain of cells?	2N
What is the tissue at the opposite end?	endosperm
What is the ploidy of this tissue?	3N
What is the torpedo-shaped object?	embryo
What is the ploidy level of this object?	2N
What is the tail-like object?	funiculus
What is the tail-like objects' ploidy level?	2N
15.	What are the two upward-pointing lobes?	cotyledons
To what class of flowering plants does this specimen belong?	dicot
What is the downward-pointing lobe?	root apex, axis, hypocotyl
What is the skin-like layer?	protoderm
What is the central stripe of tissue?	provascular, procambium
What is the filler-tissue between the central stripe and the skin?	ground meristem
16.	Name two kinds of attraction cue shown in this flower?	1. bullseye
2. nectar guides
What kind of reward does this flower provide?	nectar
What is the evidence for your decision?	nectar spur
17.	How does this flower reward its pollinator?	behavioral with fragrance
Classify this flower as either primitive or advanced:	advanced
To what class of flowering plants does this plant belong?	monocot
18.	This first slide shows a flower...is it perfect or imperfect?	imperfect
What is the ovary position?	inferior
18a.	This is a cross section of the fruit from the flower in #18.
Is the area being outlined a true fruit or an accessory fruit?	accessory
What is the glowing tissue?	placenta
Is this fruit from a simple or compound pistil?	compound
Considering it is fleshy and contains many seeds, what kind of fruit is this?	berry, pepo
	No more slides! You are provided with a flower to observe and dissect:
Provide the complete flower formula for this flower (7 points):	* 4, 4, 4+2, 2
Name the family to which this flower belongs?	Brassicaceae
Name two different features that make this flower primitive?	1. bisexual, perfect, monoecious
2. radial symmetry, superior ovary
Name two different features that make this flower advanced?	1. whorled
2. fusion of carpels
Name the specific kind of fruit that this flower will produce?	silique

This page © Ross E. Koning 1994.

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